Regulating-nozzle.



w; A.- DOBLE. REGULATING NOZZLE.

APPLICATION FILED APB. 29. 1904.

n NN mlllliiliiiiiilnw W. A. DOBLE, REGULATING NOZZLE.

APPLIoATIoN FILED ,1211.29. 1904.

941,440. Patented Nov. 30, 1.909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

WILLIAM A. DOBIE, 0F SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR T0 MAY E. DOBLE.

REGULATING-NozzLE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented N ov. 30, 1909.

Application led April 29, 1904. Serial No. 205,606.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, WLLnIAM A. DOBLE, a citizen of the United States of'America, residing at San Francisco, county of San Francisco, and State of California, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Regulating-Nozzles ;A and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

This invention relates to that class of apparatus in which an impact wheel is combined with a nozzle through which a jet is projected against the buckets of the wheel, and this invention consists of means Whereby to avoid waste of water, and to reduce to as great an extent as possible such changes of pressure within the apparatus as are detrimental to the same, and to this end my invention consists in a-construction and arrangement of 'parts whereby to securesuch results, as fully set forth hereinafter and as illustrated in the accompanying drawin in which y *igure 1 is a side elevation in part section of sufficient of a hydraulic impact apparatus to illustrate one means for carrying out the invention; Fig. 2'isV a rear view of the -part shown in Ifig. l.; Fig. 3 is an enlarged view in section of the control valve of the main or nozzle valve motor,

In the form of apparatus shown, there is acasing L adapt-ed to be vbolted by a flange 33 to a supply. pipe (not shown) and having a nozzle l, which 1s provided with a movable core piece or needle valve 5 controlling the jet which operates on the buckets 4 of the impact wheel 3, and a supplemental discharge port in a branch 2 has a needle valve 8, the said branch communicating with the nozzlel so that both are suppliedl with water from the main. The valves 5 and 8 are combined with means to securev independent or co-acting adjustments as required.

As thus constructed, ilwill be seen that the casing` with its branches constitutes in efl'ecty a bifurcated nozzle with an outlet opening in 011e branch for discharging the jet against the wheel, and an overflow outlet in the other branch, with valves controlling the two outlets to preserve the relations of' flow .hereinafter set forth..

As shown, with the valve 5 is combined a motor or engine' A, and with the valve 8 is vrod 11 of which is the stem o and with the stem 22 of combined a motor or engine B, and with these parts is combined means whereby the motor B is put into operation to open the valve 8 as the valve 5 approaches the limit of its position in closing. As shown, the motor A of the'valve 5 is a differential engine, the cylinder 14 of which contains the iferential piston 9, having a rod 7 which also constitutes the stem of the valve 5. The motor B is an engine having a cylinder 10, in which works a differential iston 29, the

The flow of motor fluid to the motor A is governed by a control device D, shown as a the valve 8. I

piston valve 15 in a cylinder 17, with which communicate the inlet pipe 19, discharge pipe 35, and the conducting pipe 28 which leads to, and constitutes the supply pipe of, fthe motor, B.

Between the valve casing 17 and the cylin? der 14 of the motor A is a passage or port 18, and with the forward end of said cylinder communicates a supply pipe 25. The piston rod 7 is prolonged through the rear head of the cylinder 14, and with said rod the valve 15 of the control device are combined devices whereby, whilethe valver 15 can be shifted by a suitable governor (not shown), or otherwise, it is also automatically shifted bythe move,- ment of the rod 7. As shown, a lever 42 is pivoted to the stem or rod 7 at 43 and `is connected by a link 40 with the stem of the control valve, the governor-controlled rod 20 bcing connected to the upper end of the lever.

The parts are so arranged that in case of an excess of speed the valve 15 is carried by the action of the governor, to the right to uncover the port 18, when the motor Huid will flow from the pipe 19 into the chamber 23 'f the engine and carry the piston 9 and valve 7 to the left, reducing the area of discharge from the nozzle 1. This forward movement of the piston 9, however, carries the lever 42 and valve 1.5 to the left and closes the port 18 unless the continued increase in speed of the governor further moves the valve 15 to the right, but when the movement of the governor ceases, the valve 5 will finally reach a position in which the area of the jet will act on the impact wheel 3 to secure the speed of operation determined by the governor, when the movement of the parts will be arrested. If the governor, from a reduction .in speed of the apparatus, carries the valve 15, from the po- `may be termed the sition shown in Fig. l, to the left, a discharge port 34 leading to the pipe 35 will be put into communication with the port 18, and the fluid from the chamber 23 will escape as the moto'r fluid, which is under constant pressure on the vreduced end of the iston 9, forces it to the right. This enarge's the area of the jet and applies increased poWer to the Wheel and would carry the valve 15 to the right and close the port 18l so that the 'parts retain their new position.

These operations are the resultl of what minor changes of speed which are continuously but slowly eli'ected or are never such as to reduce the area of the discharge over a predetermined amount, say, seventy-tive per cent.; but when there is a sudden and greater vvariation which Would result inv quickly closing or nearly closing the port of the valve 5, the valve 15 is carried to the right toa greater or less extent but so as to uncover the port 27 communicating with the pipe 28, when the action of the motor Huid on the piston 29 of the motor B will carry it back with the valve 8 and open the discharge port to an extent to compensate for the reduction escaping from the nozzle, thus avoiding all sudden or excessive pressures and danger of rupture of any of the parts of the apparatus. l

'l/he discharge from the discharge port, hov ever, is not continuous for when the machinery slows down, the valve 15 if carried lsiilficiently to the left, puts the port 18 in communication with the discharge pipe 35, relieving the chambers 23 and 30 of pressure and then opens the poi't 27 permitting the fluid to escape from the leftend of the cylinder 10, so that the valve 5 is opened and the valve 8 at once closed.

A drip cock 36 inl a pipe 31 communicating With the chamber 30 at the forward end of the cylinder 10 is so set that if the coinmunication is cut'oif through the pipe 28, the mgtor fluid canescape from this chambeil allowing the piston 29 to move to the left under fluid pressure from a supply pipe 39 acting on the reduced face of the piston and thus closing the escape port.

To compensate for a sudden-obstruction of the main outlet, by debris of any kind, there is a relief device E of any desired character suitably arranged. As shown, -this device has a casing 45, with a partition having ports closed by relief valves 53 loaded by a spring adjustable and bearing on a tlexible diaphragm 52, as usual.

A pipe 48 constitutes a com mnnication between the chamber below the diaphragm and the interior of the nozzle casing so that on any sudden increase of pressure in the latter, the valves 53 of volumewill be lifted and motrl through 'the ports thus opened, through a pipe 47, to the pipe 3l and to the chamber 30 at the left hand end ofthe cylinder `10 of the motor B, and as the pressure thus brought on the larger face of the iston 29 overbalances that on the face of sma the said piston will at once move to the right with the valve 8, open the discharge port er area,

and relieve the pressure in the nozzle casing. As this pressure is reduced, the valves 53 will be seated by their spi-in s, and the pressure from the pipe 39 on t e reduced face of the piston will force the latter to the left as the fluid escapes from the chamber 30 through the drip cock 36. The discharge port is thus closed.

It will be seen that the relief device` does not, of itself, constitute the means of dis-- charge from excessive pressure which would require a valve of great size and less sensitive than is needed, but it serves as a control device for the motor which actuates the` valve of the discharge port. 'It `:vill be ovident that the fluid for operating the motors lwill depend on the character of the latter and may be a liquid, gas or electricity. Furqher, it will be seen thatl the dischar e port valve is not controlled directly by te pressure like the relief/valve, but depends more directly upon the position of the valve 5 controlled by the governor, and serves tocoinpensate for the changes in volume of discharge which result after the nozzle has been closed to such an extent that increased velocityof discharge Will not compensate for the reducedarea of thel outlet ort. The operation of the compensating device is not there-l fore to'relieve a pressure already eiisting, as in the case 'of a relief valve, but to prevent such increase as would otherwise result from closing or nearly closing the main valve,

It will be seen that the compensating device does not operate at all during the normal movements of the main valve, but operates only in case of a sudden increase of speed, as distinguished.from a slow increase, or after the main valve is nearly closed, to prevent sudden excess of pressure in the nozzle casing; therefore, the discharge poit of' the compensating device may be of n iu'ch less area than that of the nozzle outlet. Further, the compensating device is not called into operation except the closure of the valve 5 is sudden, thereby creating an undue pressure i'n the casing 1 and shifting the valve 15 to an extreme degree. It will ne seen that it the speed of the apparatus increases gradually carrying the valve l5 to the right, pressure is admitted to the chainber 23 and the piston 9 moves to the left and would shift the valve 15 to close the port in speed did. not carry the 18 if the increase valve 15 farther to the right and keep the Huid supplied from the pipev 39 will flow rport open, and if this gradual-increase of speed of the governor is slow, the port 18 is rept open to a slight extent and the valve' 5 may be gradually shifted until nearly closed Without any undue pressure in the easing 1 in consequence of the gradual character of the movement. l/Vhen, however, the .movement is sudden, the valve 15 is carried so far to the right as to uncover the port 27 and is held in this position until the compen- Isating device secures the desired relief. It will be seen that this last named action is one which may depend on an increase of speed only, the compensating valve being then opened as aresult of the action of the governor to -thereby prevent an undue pressure in the casing and an increased discharge of water from the main nozzle.

lf the governor shifts the valve 15 to the right and opens the port 18 so as to close he valve 5, vthe action of'tlie parts would be to carry the valve 15 with the valve 5 without opening the valve 8. vBut if owing to the increase of speed, the governor fur.

ther shifts the valve 415 to the right, the port 27 is opened and the'y valve 8 will there# fore be opened by the pressure admitted through the pipe 28 so that there is an opening of the port of the nozzle 2 before thevalve 5 can fully close. When the main valve is fully closed and it begins to open from the valve 15 moving to the left to open the port 18 to the discharge While the port 27 is yet closed, the leakage at 31 Will tend to start the closing of the valve 8, but, as

1 the valve 15 is farther moved to the left by the action of the governor, the further reduction in the chamber 30 insures a full pressure to close the valve 8.

It will be seen therefore that While the two valves may move simultaneously there is no auch connection between them as to cause one 'inevitably to move with the other and their movements are therefore `independent.

Having thus described one construction aud operation embodying my improvement, l will now refer more particularly to the purposes intended to be accomplished by the eomhinatioiiof the two independent but coaeting valves, one controlling the jet which operates upon the impact wheel, and the other eout rolling the discharge from the casing. l ln apparatus heretofore employed, the

, eompeiisations for liurtuatioiis in the load vor iu the water supply have. resulted 1n Waste of water, that is, the governing action has been secured without practically changing the velocity of flow through the supply or pipe line so that'. the same quantity of water ust il whether the impart Wheel be fully or partially loaded and a large portion of water in'many instances goes to waste., llti'orts have been made to remedy this diliieulty by so touneeting the needle valve of the jet nozzle and the governor as to control the position of the said valve according to the speed. Where the valve is thus connected with the governor, it has been found that the constant chano'e of position of the valve results in What thas been termed Water rain but which is not in fact a water ram action but consists of certain Wave-like va riations of pressure within the pipe which are attended by a rupture of the latter, and the efforts to prevent this effect by relief valves of different characters have not proved effective. It may be stated,ho\vever, that the sudden 'shifting of the position of the valve will not result in such 'waves or pulsations to any detrimental extentwhere the valve does not close the discharge orifice to a milch greater extent than one half its area and any increase of pressure resulting from such limited movement .may be compensated for in the construction of the apparatus and in some instance?4 a reduction of the orifice to the extent of 7,5 per cent.. of its effective area may be permitted without settin` up any detrimental Wave-like movement o the particles of the'Water.

described apparatus the valve controlling the jet is operable by the governor within certain limits, which will not set up any detrimental pulsations, and, that beyond these limits the compensating device so co-acts with the valve controlling the jet that there can be no material changes of pressure.

The effect 'of this combination of elements is to secure' the prime object of the invention, to wit, economy in the-use of Water, because a plant provided with the jet valve and compensating device operating as set forth will not only use water almost strictly tion but will also eliminate any element of danger to the pressure pipe line. It will be seen that during the periods when there'is Ibut a small load upon the lant, a relatively small amount of-ivater is discharged so that it is retained for use when upon increase in the load a greater supply is required; and that the changes in the position of the parts of the apparatus to secure this result are autt'imatically made and ree'ulated accoidinv to the variations of the Toad.

2llVhile reference has been made to operating the main valve so as .to close the discharge to from one half to three fourths of its area, it will be understood that it might be found desirable ander certain conditions to increase or deereasethe extent of closure by the action of the governor. it being redevicc shall be so o ened iii advance of the complete closure o the' inaiiinozzle as to l prevent any detrimental increase otl pressure in the easing.

l lt will be seen that if the fiuctuations iii It Will be seen therefore that in the above quired that the valve of the compensating' proportionalto the power output of the stal lIlO 4 coming into operation only when the fluctuations are such as to carry the main valve beyond the redetermined oint.

Without limiting mysel to the construction and arrangement of parts shown, I cla'iml. The combination in an impact hydraulic motor and with an impact wheel, nozzle and main valve, of a compensating device having a discharge port and valve, and means including a motor and connections constructed and arran ed to cause the valve of the said device to shifted to open its port only on an undue increase of speed of the apparatus or if the nozzle valve suddenly approaches its closed position, substantially as set forth.

2. Theaiombination in an impact hydraulic motor and with an impact wheel, nozzle and its valve, of a compensating device havinga discharge port communicating with the nozzle and means adapted to be operated from a speed governorconstructed and arranged to causethe valve of the said device to be shifted to open its 'port only on an undue increase of speed of the apparatus or if the nozzle valve suddenly approaches its closed position, substantially as set forth.

In an impact motor, a casing provided with a nozzle and an independent discharge l' portl an impact wheel, arranged outside of vthe casing'to receive a jet from the nozzle, valves controlling the discharge of fluid from the casing through the nozzle and port, and means constructed and arranged to cause the said port to be opened only when the nozzle valve moves beyond a predetermined speed and limit in closing, substan- -f u tially as set forth.

4. The combination in an impact hydraulic motor and with an impact wheel, nozzle and its valve, of a compensating device having a discharge port and valve, means adapted to be operated from a speed governor constructed and arranged to cause the valve of the said device to be shifted to open its port as the nozzle valve suddenly approaches its closed position, and a relief device connected to open the discharge from the nozzle casing on a sudden increase of pressure with the nozzle valve in any position, substantially as set forth.

5. In ln impact motor, a casing provided with a nozzle, a discharge port, and valves therefor controlling the flow from the casing, an impact wheel arranged outside the casing to receive the jetfroin the nozzle, means to actuate the nozzle valve, and means MLM@ constructed and arranged to cause the valve controlling thel discharge port to be shifted to open Said port only when the nozzle valve sud enly approaches its closing position, substantially as set forth.

6. In an impact motor, a casing provided withr a nozzle, a dischar e port, and valve .therefor controlling the ow from the casing, an impact Wheel arranged outside the casing to receive the jet from the nozzle, means to actuate the nozzle valve, and means including a motor controlled upon the movements of the nozzle valve constructed and arranged to cause the valve-controllin the discharge port to be shifted to open sai port only when the nozzle valve suddenly approaches its closing position, substantially as set forth.

7. In an impact motor, a casing provided with a nozzle, a discharge port, and valves therefor controlling the flow from the casing, an impact wheel arranged outside the casing to receive the jet from the nozzle` means for operating the nozzle valve, and

means constructed and arranged to cause theA pleiiiental valve controlling the said port,

means constructed and arranged to cause the sup leniental valve to be shifted independent y of the pressure in the casing, and a relief device arranged to put the supplemental valve operating means into operation on an abnormal increase of ressure in the casing, substantially as described.

9. The combination with the valve of an hydraulic impact apparatus, of a motor for moving said valve, a control device for vcontroiling the movements of the motor adapted to be actuated by a overnor, connections between thc valve an said control device for shifting the latter to arrest the motor as the valve assumes its proper position, a compeiisatiiig device having a discharge port and valve, and means for operatin said valve only if the nozzle valve sudden y approaches the limits of its closing movement, substantially as sct forth.

l0. The combination with the valve of an hydraulic impact apparatus, of a. motor for moving the valve, a control device for controlling the movements of the motor adapted to be actuated by a overiior, connections between the valve and said control device for shifting the latter to arrest the motor as the valve assumes its proper position. a compensating device having a discharge port and valve, a motor therefor, and means for valve of' an hydraulic impact apparatus, of a motor for said valve, a compensating device having a discharge port, valve, and motor, and means whereby the motor of the compensating device is put in operation only if the nozzle valve suddenly approaches its' closed position, substantiall as set forth.

12. The combination wit the nozzle and valve of an hydraulic ap aratus, of a motor having a differential piston and cylinderr therefor, a control device adapted to beline-l tuated by a governor and connections between said device and the valve,.a compensating device having a port, a valve and motor having a differential piston and cylinder therefor, and' ports and connections arranged to permit a motor fluid to pass to the vmotor of the compensating device as the control device is shifted beyond normal limits, substantially as set forth.

13. The'combination with the nozzle, valve y and fluid motor of an hydraulic impact apparatus, of a compensating device having a port, valve and fiuid motor, a control device for the main motor having a valve and orts arranged to control the operations o' the motor under normal .variations of speed, and a port arranged to control the flow` of motor fluid to the secondary motor as the control device is shifted beyondnormal limits to carry the lnain valve to its closing position, substantially as set forth.

14. The combination of the nozzle, valve, motor, control device adapted to be actuated by a governor and connected with said valve, a discharge port communicating with said nozzle, a valve therefor, a motor having a differential piston connected with the latter valve, and a communication between the two motors including a port in the control device arranged to be uncovered only as the control device is shifted beyond normal limits, substantially as set forth.

15. The combination of the nozzle, valve, motor, control device adapted to be actuated by a. governor and connected with said valve, a discharge port connnunicating with said nozzle, a valve therefor, a motor having a differential piston connected with the latter valve, a communication between the two motors including a port in the control device arranged to be uncovered only as the control device is shifted beyond normal limits orif the main valve suddenly approaches its closing position, and a relief device arranged to put the latter motor in operation on an abnormal increase of' pressure in the nozzle with the nozzle valve in any position, substantially as set forth.

l0. lhe combi-nation with the nozzle and V51 Ve ma B le iilne lll a COS 1 yb t d 1e valve of an hydraulic impact apparatus, of a discharge port of smaller area and valve therefor, and means constructed and arranged to cause the discharge valve to be Imoved to open its port if theV nozzle valve suddenly approaches its closed position, subsiantially as described. y

17. The combination withvthe nozzle and valve of an hydraulic im act apparatus, of a `discharge port of smalir area and valve therefor, and means constructed and arranged to cause the discharge valve to be moved to open its port on an undue increase of speed of the apparatus or if the nozzle valve sudde ly approaches its 'closed position, substa tially as set forth,

18. In an impact water wheel apparatus,

the combination with a nozzle and its valve,A

of a compensating device having a discharge port communicating with said nozzle, a sup-- plemental valve controlling the said' port, and a motor, and means for controlling it constructed and arranged to cause the su plemental valve to be shifted independent y of the pressure in the casing to open said port on a` sudden increase of speed of the apparatus, substantially as set forth.

19. The combination with a nozzle and valve of' an impact'motor apparatus, of a supplemental nozzle and valve, a governor and connections whereby to shift the main valve according to load changes on the motor, means whereby the sup lemental position while closing the main valve and for opening the supplemental valve independently of the main valve to prevent detrimental increase of pressure in the apparatus.

20. The combination with the nozzle and supplemental nozzle and valve less in arear than the main nozzle and valve, a overnor and connections whereby to shift t e main .valve according to load changes on the motor, means whereby the supplemental valve may be retained in a closed position while closing the main valvey and for opening the supplemental valve independently of the main valve to revent detrimental increase of pressure in te apparatus.`

, 21. The combination wlth the nozzle and valve. of an impact motor apparatus, of a Vvalve of an impact motor apparatus, of w10?? supplemental nozzle and valve, a governor connected to shift the main valve accord-ing 4to the load changes on the motor, and means for. positively opening the supplemental valve upon a closing movement of the main valve only when the latter exceeds a pro determined speed. 4 y x 2Q. The combination with an hydraulic motor provided with valve mechanism, ofia compensating device having a dischar e port and valve, and means adapted to e operated from a speed governor constructed and arranged to cause the .said compensating when the said valve mechanism is shifted beyond normal limits.

23. The combination with an hydraulic -motor' provided with valve mechanism, of a compensating device having a discharge port and valve, and means adapted to be operated from a speed governor constructed and arranged to cause the said compensating valve to be shifted to open its port only when the motor valve moves beyond a predetermined speed and limit in closing.

24. The combination with an hydraulic motor 1provided with valve mechanism, of a supp emental discharge ort and valve, a governor connected to shi t the main valve according to the load changes on the motor, and means for positively opening said discharge portupon a closing movement of the main valve only when the latter exceeds predetermined s eed.

25. The combination With an hydraulic motor, of mechanism for controlling the passage of Water in said motor, a supplemental discharge port and valve connected to relieve' the pressure of the water supplied to said: motor, and a relief device connected to open the discharge port on a sudden increase o pressure With said controlling mechanism in any osition.

26. T e combination With van hydraulic motor, of mechanism for controlling the passage of Water in said'motor, a supplemental discharge port and valve connected to relieve the pressure of the'w-ater supplied to said motor, and a relief 'device connected to open the discharge port on an abnormal increase in pressure of water supplied to the motor. 4

27. In a h draulic motor, the combina- -tion with mechanism for controlling the passage of Water, of a compensating device having a discharge port communicating with the casing of said motor, a supplemental valve controlling the said port, means constructed and arranged to cause the supplemental valve to be shifted imlependeutlyot' the pressure in the casing, and a relie-t' device arranged tol put the supplemental valve operating means into operation on an abnormal increase of ressure in the casing.

28. Theicombination with the Water regulating means of au hydraulic motor, of a discharge port of smaller arca and valve therefor, and moans constructed and arranged to' cause the discharge valve to he moved to open its port only if the water regulating means is shifted beyond normal limits.

29. `The combination with the water regulating means of an hydraulic motor, of a discharge port of smaller area and valve thereof, and means constructed and arra'nged to cause the discharge valve to be moved to open its port on an undue increase of speed of the apparatus or if the regulating means suddenly approaches its closed position.

30. The combination with anl hydraulic motor provided with valve mechanism, of a compensating device having .a discharge port and valve, and means adapted to be operated from a speed governor constructed and arranged to cause the. valve of the said device to be shifted to open its port only on'an undue increase of speed lof the apparatus or if the valve mechanism suddenly approaches its closed position.

, 3]. The combination with an hydraulic motor provided with valve mechanism, of a 'compensating device having a discharge port and valve, means adapted to be operated from a speed governor constructed and arranged to cause the valve of the said dcvice to be shifted to open its port only on an undue increase of speed of the apparatus or if the valve mechanism suddenly approaches its closed position, and independent means Y for gradually closing said compensating valve.

32. The combination with an hydraulic motor provided'with valve mechanism, of a compensating device having -a discharge port and valve, means adapted to be operhated from a speed governor to cause the valve of the said device to be shifted to open its port only on an undue increase of speed of the apparatus or if the valve mechanism suddenly approaches its closed position, and afrelief device connected to open the discharge from the casing of the motor on a sudden increase of pressure with the valve mechanism in any position.

33. lIn an hydraulic motor,ithe combination with valve mechanism for regulating the passage of water, of a compensating device cim'nnunicating therewith having a discharge port, a supplemental valve controlling the said port, means constructed and ar ranged to cause the supplemental valve to he :shifted indepemlently of the pressure in the casing, and a relief device arranged to put the supl'ilemeutal valve operating means into operation on a'n abnormal increase of pressure in the casing.

2511. The combination with an hydraulic motor provided with valve mechanism, of a supplemental discharge port and valve, a governor connected to shift the main valve according to the load changes on the motor, means for positively opening said discharge port 'upon a closing movement of the main valver only when the latter exceeds predetermined speed, and independent means forl gradually closing the valve of said discharge. port.

The combination with the water regulating means of an hydraulic motor, of a discharge port of smaller area and valve therefor, means constructed and arranged to lOO the said device to be shifted to open its\port only on an undue increase of speed of the apparatus, or'if the nozzle valve moves be- 15 Ayoud apredetermined speed and limit in closing.

In testimony whereof `I have signed my name to thisvspecication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

4 WILLIAM A. DOBLE.

Witnesses:

ALFRED A. ENQUJST, ELM'ER Wiclms. 

